Arabic (Indian) Handwritten‏ ‏Digits Recognition Using Multi feature and KNN Classifier

تقدم هذه الورقة نظام التعرف على أرقام مكتوبة بخط اليد العربية على أساس الجمع بين أساليب الاستخراج متعددة المزايا، مثل   الملف الجانبي العلوي، ورأسية _ الإسقاط الأفقي وتحويل جيب التمام منفصلة مع  الانحراف المعياري.   يتم استخراج هذه الميزات من الصورة بعد تقسيمها الى عدة كتل.   المصنف KNN يستخدم لغرض التصنيف. يتم اختبار هذا العمل مع قاعدة بيانات ADBase القياسية (الأرقام العربية)، والتي تتكون من  70,000 أرقام  تم كتابتها من قبل 700 شخص مختلف.  في النظام المقترح يستخدم 60000  صورة رقم  لمرحلة التدريب و 10000 صورة رقم في مرحلة الاختبار. حقق هذا العمل دقة تعرف على  الارقام مقدارها  97.32٪.This paper presents an Arabic (Indian)  handwritten digit recognition system based on combining  multi feature  extraction methods, such a upper_lower  profile, Vertical _ Horizontal projection and Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) with Standard Deviation σi called (DCT_SD)  methods. These  features are extracted from the image  after dividing it by several blocks. KNN classifier used  for classification purpose. This work is tested with the ADBase standard database (Arabic numerals),  which consist of 70,000 digits were 700 different writers write  it. In proposing system used 60000 digits, images for training phase and 10000 digits, images in testing phase. This work  achieved  97.32%  recognition  Accurac

Gender detection in children’s speech utterances for human-robot interaction

The human voice speech essentially includes paralinguistic information used in many real-time applications. Detecting the children’s gender is considered a challenging task compared to the adult’s gender. In this study, a system for human-robot interaction (HRI) is proposed to detect the gender in children’s speech utterances without depending on the text. The robot's perception includes three phases: Feature’s extraction phase where four formants are measured at each glottal pulse and then a median is calculated across these measurements. After that, three types of features are measured which are formant average (AF), formant dispersion (DF), and formant position (PF). Feature’s standardization phase where the measured feature dimensions are standardized using the z-score method. The semantic understanding phase is where the children’s gender is detected accurately using the logistic regression classifier. At the same time, the action of the robot is specified via a speech response using the text to speech (TTS) technique. Experiments are conducted on the Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) Kids dataset to measure the suggested system’s performance. In the suggested system, the overall accuracy is 98%. The results show a relatively clear improvement in terms of accuracy of up to 13% compared to related works that utilized the CMU Kids dataset

Modern drowsiness detection techniques: a review

According to recent statistics, drowsiness, rather than alcohol, is now responsible for one-quarter of all automobile accidents. As a result, many monitoring systems have been created to reduce and prevent such accidents. However, despite the huge amount of state-of-the-art drowsiness detection systems, it is not clear which one is the most appropriate. The following points will be discussed in this paper: Initial consideration should be given to the many sorts of existing supervised detecting techniques that are now in use and grouped into four types of categories (behavioral, physiological, automobile and hybrid), Second, the supervised machine learning classifiers that are used for drowsiness detection will be described, followed by a discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of each technique that has been evaluated, and lastly the recommendation of a new strategy for detecting drowsiness

A Survey on Emotion Recognition for Human Robot Interaction

With the recent developments of technology and the advances in artificial intelligent and machine learning techniques, it becomes possible for the robot to acquire and show the emotions as a part of Human-Robot Interaction (HRI). An emotional robot can recognize the emotional states of humans so that it will be able to interact more naturally with its human counterpart in different environments. In this article, a survey on emotion recognition for HRI systems has been presented. The survey aims to achieve two objectives. Firstly, it aims to discuss the main challenges that face researchers when building emotional HRI systems. Secondly, it seeks to identify sensing channels that can be used to detect emotions and provides a literature review about recent researches published within each channel, along with the used methodologies and achieved results. Finally, some of the existing emotion recognition issues and recommendations for future works have been outlined

Driving sleepiness detection using electrooculogram analysis and grey wolf optimizer

In modern society, providing safe and collision-free travel is essential. Therefore, detecting the drowsiness state of the driver before its ability to drive is compromised. For this purpose, an automated hybrid sleepiness classification system that combines the artificial neural network and gray wolf optimizer is proposed to distinguish human Sleepiness and fatigue. The proposed system is tested on data collected from 15 drivers (male and female) in alert and sleep-deprived conditions where physiological signals are used as sleep markers. To evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm, k-nearest neighbors (k-NN), support vector machines (SVM), and artificial neural networks (ANN) classifiers have been used. The results show that the proposed hybrid method provides 99.6% accuracy, while the SVM classifier provides 93.0% accuracy when the kernel is (RBF) and outlier (0.1). Furthermore, the k-NN classifier provides 96.7% accuracy, whereas the standalone ANN algorithm provides 97.7% accuracy

Mobile Robot Path Planning Method Using Firefly Algorithm for 3D Sphere Dynamic & Partially Known Environment

اذا البحث يقترح طريقة لحل مشكلة تخطيط مسار الروبوت المتحرك في ضمن بيئة شبه معروفة ثلاثية الابعاد كروية الشكل باستخدام نسخة معدلة من خوارزمية الحشرات المضيئة Firefly Algorithm والتي تمكنت بنجاح من ايجاد طريق شبه مثالي خالي من التصادم مع العوائق بسرعة وسهولة وملاحة آمنة على طول الطريق حتى الوصول للهدف. In this paper, a new method is proposed to solve the problem of path planning for a mobile robot in a dynamic-partially knew three-dimensional sphere environment by using a modified version of the Firefly Algorithm that successfully finds near optimal and collision-free path while maintaining quick, easy and completely safe navigation throughout the path to the goal

A survey on bio-signal analysis for human-robot interaction

The use of bio-signals analysis in human-robot interaction is rapidly increasing. There is an urgent demand for it in various applications, including health care, rehabilitation, research, technology, and manufacturing. Despite several state-of-the-art bio-signals analyses in human-robot interaction (HRI) research, it is unclear which one is the best. In this paper, the following topics will be discussed: robotic systems should be given priority in the rehabilitation and aid of amputees and disabled people; second, domains of feature extraction approaches now in use, which are divided into three main sections (time, frequency, and time-frequency). The various domains will be discussed, then a discussion of each domain's benefits and drawbacks, and finally, a recommendation for a new strategy for robotic systems

Writer Identification Based on Arabic Handwriting Recognition by using Speed Up Robust Feature and K- Nearest Neighbor Classification

In a writer recognition system, the system performs a “one-to-many” search in a large database with handwriting samples of known authors and returns a possible candidate list. This paper proposes method for writer identification handwritten Arabic word without segmentation to sub letters based on feature extraction speed up robust feature transform (SURF) and K nearest neighbor classification (KNN) to enhance the writer's  identification accuracy. After feature extraction, it can be cluster by K-means algorithm to standardize the number of features. The feature extraction and feature clustering called to gather Bag of Word (BOW); it converts arbitrary number of image feature to uniform length feature vector. The proposed method experimented using (IFN/ENIT) database. The recognition rate of experiment result is (96.666)

Reviews Sentiment analysis for collaborative recommender system

recommender system nowadays is used to deliver services and information to users. A recommender system is suffering from problems of data sparsity and cold start because of insufficient user rating or absence of data about users or items. This research proposed a sentiment analysis system work on user reviews as an additional source of information to tackle data sparsity problems. Sentiment analysis system implemented using NLP techniques with machine learning to predict user rating form his review; this model is evaluated using Yelp restaurant data set, IMDB reviews data set, and Arabic qaym.com restaurant reviews data set under various classification model, the system was efficient in predicting rating from reviews

Antimicrobial resistance among migrants in Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are rising globally and there is concern that increased migration is contributing to the burden of antibiotic resistance in Europe. However, the effect of migration on the burden of AMR in Europe has not yet been comprehensively examined. Therefore, we did a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify and synthesise data for AMR carriage or infection in migrants to Europe to examine differences in patterns of AMR across migrant groups and in different settings. METHODS: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus with no language restrictions from Jan 1, 2000, to Jan 18, 2017, for primary data from observational studies reporting antibacterial resistance in common bacterial pathogens among migrants to 21 European Union-15 and European Economic Area countries. To be eligible for inclusion, studies had to report data on carriage or infection with laboratory-confirmed antibiotic-resistant organisms in migrant populations. We extracted data from eligible studies and assessed quality using piloted, standardised forms. We did not examine drug resistance in tuberculosis and excluded articles solely reporting on this parameter. We also excluded articles in which migrant status was determined by ethnicity, country of birth of participants' parents, or was not defined, and articles in which data were not disaggregated by migrant status. Outcomes were carriage of or infection with antibiotic-resistant organisms. We used random-effects models to calculate the pooled prevalence of each outcome. The study protocol is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42016043681. FINDINGS: We identified 2274 articles, of which 23 observational studies reporting on antibiotic resistance in 2319 migrants were included. The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or AMR infection in migrants was 25·4% (95% CI 19·1-31·8; I2 =98%), including meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (7·8%, 4·8-10·7; I2 =92%) and antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (27·2%, 17·6-36·8; I2 =94%). The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or infection was higher in refugees and asylum seekers (33·0%, 18·3-47·6; I2 =98%) than in other migrant groups (6·6%, 1·8-11·3; I2 =92%). The pooled prevalence of antibiotic-resistant organisms was slightly higher in high-migrant community settings (33·1%, 11·1-55·1; I2 =96%) than in migrants in hospitals (24·3%, 16·1-32·6; I2 =98%). We did not find evidence of high rates of transmission of AMR from migrant to host populations. INTERPRETATION: Migrants are exposed to conditions favouring the emergence of drug resistance during transit and in host countries in Europe. Increased antibiotic resistance among refugees and asylum seekers and in high-migrant community settings (such as refugee camps and detention facilities) highlights the need for improved living conditions, access to health care, and initiatives to facilitate detection of and appropriate high-quality treatment for antibiotic-resistant infections during transit and in host countries. Protocols for the prevention and control of infection and for antibiotic surveillance need to be integrated in all aspects of health care, which should be accessible for all migrant groups, and should target determinants of AMR before, during, and after migration. FUNDING: UK National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College Healthcare Charity, the Wellcome Trust, and UK National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare-associated Infections and Antimictobial Resistance at Imperial College London